SWINE INFLUENZA-Historical Traces of the Disease
BySwine influenza as we know is a viral disease. What we do not know exactly is, what is a virus? And why is this typical form named "SWINE"? A virus is a microscopic organism, a parasite, and is usually disease causing. Swine influenza is a virus typical in pigs, thus named swine, however, it sometimes, though rarely, becomes zoonosis type, that is, it transfers from animal to humans due to close contact with the animal. The early outbreaks of this virus killed millions of people. Today, thanks to the world of immunizations and vaccinations experts believe that out of 1000 people who are affected by this disease only 40 need hospitalization and only 1 dies.
Research in the mid 20th century revealed that this strain of influenza has several subtypes, which include influenza C and influenza A including H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2 and H2N3.These types are separated on the basis of the different amino acid sequences. The first outbreak of this disease was in 1918. The disease was caused by the H1N1 type and was zoonosis type. By an estimate it is believed that about 50 million to 100 million people were killed world wide by this pandemic.
The next major spread was in 1976 caused by the variant H1N1 type known as A (H3N2). The disease was suspected in an army camp when a soldier felt the symptoms of swine influenza that are; chills, fever, headache, coughing etc. This was followed by the 1988 U.S. outbreak in swine, 2007 Philippines outbreak in swine and the 2009 outbreak in humans.
The present outbreak was reported first on 2 May 2009 when a pig on a farm in Alberta, Canada was found with the disease. This is believed to have caused by a new strain of H1N1. Further researches showed that this is a "reassortment" of the two strains of the virus.
Although, the mortality rate is fairly low, governments of many countries have decided to have precautionary measures against this disease which is believed to spread as a major disease in the coming winter season.
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